However, it must be remembered that not all HPV infections equally increase the risk of developing cervical cancer. an HIV infection, the AIDS virus, or a previous organ transplant).
#Istat americas 2017 skin#
The condom, for example, does not completely protect against infection, since the virus can also be transmitted through contact with regions of the skin not covered by the condom.Īn early start to sexual activity and multiple sexual partners can increase the risk of infection, as can an immune deficiency, which can be linked to various causes (e.g. This is why certain measures that limit the chances of infection (condom use and especially vaccination) protect against this type of cancer, although they are not 100 per cent effective. One of the main risk factors for cervical cancer is infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV), which is mainly transmitted sexually. Cervical (cervix) cancer, who is at risk?
Today, in fact, we have very effective prevention, diagnosis and treatment tools against this cancer, which prompted the World Health Organisation (WHO) to launch on 17 November 2020 the Global Strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem, a goal to be achieved within a few decades. These figures are set to change further over time. In our country, the 5-year survival rate from diagnosis of cervical cancer patients is 68 per cent and every year around 500 women die from the disease (ISTAT data 2017). In the western world, the number of cases and the number of deaths continue to fall, thanks mainly to the Pap-test and the subsequent introduction of the test for Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA, two very effective tests for early diagnosis.Įvery year in Italy there are around 2,400 new cases, 1.3 per cent of all cancers diagnosed in women, according to the data in the report ‘The numbers of cancer in Italy, 2020’ by, among others, the Italian Association of Cancer Registries (AIRTUM) and the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM). The same report also indicates that this is the most common cancer especially in 23 countries, many of them low- and middle-income and located on the African continent. How widespread it isįor a long time, cervical cancer was the most frequent form of cancer for women globally, but in recent years the situation has changed dramatically.Īccording to the report ‘Global Cancer Statistics 2020’, produced jointly by the American Cancer Society (ACS) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), cervical cancer ranks fourth among the most common cancers in women and accounts for 6.5 per cent of all cancers diagnosed in women. Most cancers of the cervix originate precisely from cells found in this ‘border’ zone. What is cervical (or cervix) cancer?Ĭervical cancer develops in the lower part of the uterus, the organ of the female apparatus where the embryo is received and develops during pregnancy.
Most cervical cancers originate precisely from cells found in this ‘border’ zone.
The two cell types meet in the so-called transition zone. The cells lining these two areas of the cervix are not the same: squamous cells are found in the ectocervix and glandular cells in the endocervix. The cervix is in direct connection with the vagina and can be divided into two parts called the endocervix (the one closest to the body of the uterus) and the ectocervix or exocervix (the one closest to the vagina). The uterus is shaped like an inverted funnel and consists of two main parts: the upper part is called the body of the uterus, while the lower end is called the neck or cervix. Cervical (or cervix) cancer develops in the lower part of the uterus, the organ of the female apparatus where the embryo is received and develops during pregnancy
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